Normalization in JOREK

  • Subscript "SI" denotes quantities in SI units while quantities in JOREK units are written without subscripts.
  • Note, that the important normalization factors $\sqrt{\mu_{0}/\rho_{0}}$ and $\sqrt{\mu_{0}\rho_{0}}$ are written into the JOREK logfile for convenience.
  • Note, that you need to set the input parameters central_density and central_mass for these values to be correct.

Connection between SI and normalized units

Quantity Physical Unit (SI) Connection Description            
Major radius $R_{SI}[m]$ $=R$ Major radius            
Vertical coordinate $Z_{SI}[m]$ $=Z$ Vertical coordinate            
Magnetic field vector $B_{SI}[T]$ $=B$ Magnetic field vector            
Electric field vector $E_{SI}[Vm^{-1}]$ $=E/\sqrt{\mu_{0}\rho_{0}}$ Electric field vector            
Poloidal magnetic flux $\Psi_{SI}[Tm^{2}]$ $=\Psi$ Poloidal magnetic flux            
Toroidal current density $j_{\phi,SI}[Am^{-2}]$ $=-j/(R~\mu_{0})$ Toroidal current density; $j_{\phi,SI}=j_{SI}\cdot\hat{e}_{\phi}$            
Runaway electron number density $n_{r,SI}[m^{-3}]$ $=n_{r}(\frac{1}{eR})\sqrt{\frac{\rho_{0}}{\mu_{0}}}$ Runaway electron number density            
Runaway electron parallel momentum $P_{   ,SI}[kg~m~s^{-1}]$ $=P_{   }m_{e0}c$ Runaway electron parallel momentum    
Particle density $n_{SI}[m^{-3}]$ $=\rho~n_{0}$ Particle density ($\rho$ is the normalized density profile, which should be given as an input)            
Impurity number density $n_{imp,SI}[m^{-3}]$ $=\rho_{imp}$ No $n_{imp}$ Impurity number density            
Mass density $\rho_{SI}[kg~m^{-3}]$ $=\rho~\rho_{0}$ Mass density = ion mass X particle density            
Impurity mass density $\rho_{imp,SI}[kg/m^{3}]$ $=\rho_{imp}\rho_{0}$ Impurity mass density            
Temperature $T_{SI}[K]$ $=T/(k_{B}\mu_{0}n_{0})$ Temperature electron + ion temperature            
Temperature (eV) $T_{eV}[eV]$ $=T/(e~\mu_{0}n_{0})$ Temperature in eV            
Poloidal current stream function $FF_{SI}^{\prime}[T^{2}m^{2}/(Weber/rad)]$ $=FF^{\prime}$ Poloidal current stream function $F=RB_{\phi}$ ${}^{\prime}=d/d\psi$            
Plasma pressure $p_{SI}[Nm^{-2}]$ $=\rho~T/\mu_{0}$ Plasma pressure            
Velocity vector $v_{SI}[ms^{-1}]$ $=v/\sqrt{\mu_{0}\rho_{0}}$ Velocity vector            
Parallel velocity component $v_{   ,SI}[ms^{-1}]$ $=v_{   }\cdot B_{SI}/\sqrt{\mu_{0}\rho_{0}}$ Parallel velocity component, where $B_{SI}= B_{SI} $
Velocity stream function $u_{SI}[ms^{-1}]$ $=u/\sqrt{\mu_{0}\rho_{0}}$ $Ru$ is the velocity stream function, $F_0 u$ is the potential            
Toroidal vorticity $\omega_{\phi,SI}[m^{-1}s^{-1}]$ $=\omega/\sqrt{\mu_{0}\rho_{0}}$ Toroidal vorticity            
Time $t_{SI}[s]$ $=t\cdot\sqrt{\mu_{0}\rho_{0}}$ Time            
Growth rate $\gamma_{SI}[s^{-1}]$ $=\gamma/\sqrt{\mu_{0}\rho_{0}}$ Growth rate; $\gamma_{SI}=\ln[E_{SI}(t_{2})/E_{SI}(t_{1})]/[2\Delta t_{SI}]$ Energy $E_{SI}[J]$            
Resistivity $\eta_{SI}[\Omega m]$ $=\eta\cdot\sqrt{\mu_{0}/\rho_{0}}$ Resistivity, see also notes on Spitzer resistivity            
Hyper-resistivity $\eta_{num,SI}[\Omega m^{2}]$ $=\eta_{num}\cdot\sqrt{\mu_{0}/\rho_{0}}$ Hyper-resistivity            
Dynamic viscosity $\mu_{SI} [kg~m^{-1}s^{-1}]$ $=\mu\cdot\sqrt{\rho_{0}/\mu_{0}}$ Dynamic viscosity            
Hyper-viscosity $\mu_{num,SI}[kg~ms^{-1}]$ $=\mu_{num}\cdot\sqrt{\rho_{0}/\mu_{0}}$ Hyper-viscosity            
Kinematic viscosity $\nu_{SI}[m^{2}s^{-1}]$ $=\mu_{SI}/\rho_{SI}$ Kinematic viscosity ($\rho_{SI}$ is the local mass density in $kg~m^{-3}$)            
Particle diffusivity $D_{SI}[m^{2}s^{-1}]$ $=D/\sqrt{\mu_{0}\rho_{0}}$ Particle diffusivity (   or $\perp$); Usually, $D_{   }=0$    
Heat diffusivity $K_{SI}[kg~m^{-1}s^{-1}]$ $=K\cdot\sqrt{\rho_{0}/\mu_{0}}/(\gamma-1)$ Heat diffusivity (   or $\perp$), where $\chi_{SI} [m^{2}s^{-1}]=K_{SI}/\rho_{SI}$ and $K_{SI} [m^{-1}s^{-1}]=n_{SI}\chi_{SI}$        
Heat source $S_{T,SI}[Wm^{-3}]$ $=S_{T}/((\gamma-1)\mu_{0}\sqrt{\mu_{0}\rho_{0}})$ Heat source            
Particle source $S_{\rho,SI}[kg~s^{-1}m^{-3}]$ $=S_{\rho}\cdot\sqrt{\rho_{0}/\mu_{0}}$ Particle source            
Wall resistivity $\eta_{wall,thin,SI} [\Omega]$ $=\eta_{wall,thin}\cdot\sqrt{\mu_{0}/\rho_{0}}$ Wall resistivity (relevant for JOREK-STARWALL); $\eta_{wall,thin,SI} [\Omega] = \eta_{wall,SI} [\Omega m] / d_{wall} [m]$. Example ITER: $8\cdot10^{-7}\Omega m / (6cm) = 1.33\cdot10^{-5}\Omega$            
Ionisation/recombination rate $R_{ion/rec,SI}[m^{-3}s^{-1}]$ $=R_{ion/rec}/(\sqrt{\mu_{0}\rho_{0}}n_{0})$ Ionisation and recombination rate            
Ionisation energy $E_{ion,SI}[J]$ $=\xi_{ion}/((\gamma-1)\mu_{0}n_{0})$ Ionisation energy            
Radiation rate $L_{rad,SI}[Wm^{3}]$ $=L_{rad}/((\gamma-1)\mu_{0}\sqrt{\mu_{0}\rho_{0}}n_{0}^{2}\frac{m_{i}}{m_{imp}})$ Radiation rate (model501)            
Radiation power density $P_{rad,SI}[Wm^{-3}]$ $=P_{rad}/((\gamma-1)\mu_{0}\sqrt{\mu_{0}\rho_{0}})$ Radiation power density (model501)            
Particle charge $q_{SI}[As]$ $=q\sqrt{\rho_{0}/\mu_{0}}$ Particle charge            
Neoclassical friction rate $\mu_{neo,SI}[s^{-1}]$ $=\mu_{neo}/\sqrt{\rho_{0}\mu_{0}}$ Neoclassical friction rate            

Having defined:

  • $n_{0}[m^{-3}]$: $= \text{central_density } 10^{20}$. central_density gets a default value in preset_parameters.f90 and should be specified in the input file.
  • $\rho_{0}[kg~m^{-3}]$: $= \text{central_mass}$. central_mass gets a default value in preset_parameters.f90 and should be specified in the input file.
  • $\gamma$: $= \text{GAMMA}$. GAMMA gets a default value of $5/3$ in preset_parameters.f90.
  • $\mu_{imp}$: $= m_i_over_m_imp = m_{i}/m_{imp}$. Defined by the impurity species.

Useful Constants:

* $m_{e0}=0.911\cdot10^{-30}kg$
* $m_{AMU}=1.661\cdot10^{-27}kg$
* $n_{deuterium}=2.014101777811AMU$
* $m_{tritium}=5.007\cdot10^{-27}kg$
* $\mu_{0}=4\cdot\pi\cdot10^{-7}Vs/(Am)$
* $e=1.602176565\cdot10^{-19}C$